{"id":30587,"date":"2015-01-15T12:17:51","date_gmt":"2015-01-15T17:17:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bonnefield.76labs.com\/?p=30587"},"modified":"2026-07-07T11:40:40","modified_gmt":"2026-07-07T15:40:40","slug":"2015-is-international-year-of-soils-really","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bonnefield.com\/fr\/news\/2015-is-international-year-of-soils-really\/","title":{"rendered":"2015 est \u00ab l\u2019Ann\u00e9e internationale des sols \u00bb\u2026. vraiment??"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Croyez-le ou non, 2015 a \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9e\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/soils-2015\/en\/\">\u201c Ann\u00e9e internationale des sols \u201d<\/a>\u00a0par l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (\u201c FAO \u201d). L'ONU a s\u00fbrement mieux \u00e0 faire, non ?<\/p>\n<p>Avant de lever les yeux au ciel, consid\u00e9rez que, selon une organisation allemande appel\u00e9e\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iass-potsdam.de\/en\/\">Institut d&#039;\u00e9tudes avanc\u00e9es sur le d\u00e9veloppement durable<\/a>\u00a0Selon l'IASS, le monde perd chaque ann\u00e9e environ 24 milliards de tonnes de terres fertiles \u00e0 cause de leur mauvaise utilisation, de la pollution, de l'\u00e9rosion et de l'urbanisation. L'ONU pr\u00e9voit que le monde atteindra les limites d'une utilisation \u00e9cologiquement durable des terres d'ici 2020, soit dans seulement six ans. Avec seulement 1,4 milliard d'hectares de terres arables disponibles dans le monde, chaque personne devra se contenter de 2\u00a0000 m\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s, soit moins d'un tiers de la superficie d'un terrain de football.<\/p>\n<p>Depuis trois ans, l'IASS organise chaque ann\u00e9e en avril une \u201c Semaine mondiale des sols \u201d afin de promouvoir une meilleure compr\u00e9hension, la recherche et les pratiques de gestion li\u00e9es \u00e0 la protection des sols. L'institut a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 un Atlas mondial des sols illustrant l'importance et les menaces qui p\u00e8sent sur les sols et l'agriculture \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle mondiale. Ce document a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment publi\u00e9.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/globalsoilweek.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/soilatlas2015_web_141221.pdf\">Atlas mondial des sols 2015<\/a>\u00a0est une lecture tr\u00e8s convaincante \u2013 non seulement pour son utilisation exceptionnelle des graphismes, mais surtout pour la triste histoire qu\u2019il raconte. Quelques-unes de ses conclusions\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le monde est vaste, mais nous manquons rapidement d\u2019espace pour cultiver notre nourriture et nous l\u2019utilisons de la mauvaise mani\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<li>Les sols sont menac\u00e9s par la pollution, la d\u00e9sertification et la s\u00e9cheresse, la d\u00e9forestation, la d\u00e9gradation des sols, la perte d\u2019esp\u00e8ces, l\u2019\u00e9rosion, la raret\u00e9, les inondations, l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau de la mer et les p\u00e9nuries d\u2019eau. Selon presque toutes ces mesures, les sols canadiens sont moins menac\u00e9s que le reste du monde.<\/li>\n<li>Une mauvaise gestion agricole est le principal contributeur \u00e0 la perte de sols dans le monde, notamment en raison d\u2019une mauvaise utilisation des engrais.<\/li>\n<li>La perte et la d\u00e9gradation des sols ont de graves cons\u00e9quences sur le changement climatique et vice versa : le changement climatique d\u00e9grade les sols et les sols d\u00e9grad\u00e9s sont moins capables de capter et de retenir le carbone, acc\u00e9l\u00e9rant ainsi le changement climatique.<\/li>\n<li>Non seulement l\u2019urbanisation recouvre des sols utiles, mais elle entra\u00eene \u00e9galement des probl\u00e8mes suppl\u00e9mentaires en augmentant le ruissellement des pluies et l\u2019\u00e9vapotranspiration, et tout ce rev\u00eatement emp\u00eache l\u2019humidit\u00e9 de p\u00e9n\u00e9trer \u00e0 nouveau dans le sol pour reconstituer les r\u00e9serves d\u2019eau souterraine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Et m\u00eame si le Canada se classe mieux (ou souffre moins) face \u00e0 de nombreux probl\u00e8mes de sols auxquels est confront\u00e9 le reste du monde, nous sommes confront\u00e9s \u00e0 nos propres probl\u00e8mes troublants. Dans un\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.statcan.gc.ca\/daily-quotidien\/141113\/dq141113a-eng.htm?cmp=mstatcan\">Enqu\u00eate sur l&#039;agriculture canadienne publi\u00e9e par Statistique Canada<\/a>\u00a0\u00e0 la fin de 2014, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 soulign\u00e9 que pr\u00e8s d\u2019un million d\u2019hectares de terres agricoles canadiennes fiables avaient disparu des cultures au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Une grande partie de cette perte \u00e9tait due \u00e0 l\u2019expansion urbaine et une grande partie de cette expansion urbaine s\u2019est produite sur certaines des meilleures terres agricoles du Canada \u2013 situ\u00e9es \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des zones urbaines de la RGT, dans le sud de l\u2019Ontario. Cette perte stup\u00e9fiante semble d\u2019autant plus tragique apr\u00e8s avoir lu l\u2019Atlas mondial des sols et r\u00e9alis\u00e9 que les sols canadiens perdus \u00e9taient parmi les meilleurs que le monde avait \u00e0 offrir. Et maintenant, ils sont partis pour toujours.<\/p>\n<p>Alors peut-\u00eatre que l'ONU n'a rien de mieux \u00e0 faire apr\u00e8s tout.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Croyez-le ou non, 2015 a \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9e\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/soils-2015\/en\/\">\u201c Ann\u00e9e internationale des sols \u201d<\/a>\u00a0par l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture (\u201c FAO \u201d). L'ONU a s\u00fbrement mieux \u00e0 faire, non ?<br \/>\nAvant de lever les yeux au ciel, consid\u00e9rez que, selon une organisation allemande appel\u00e9e\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iass-potsdam.de\/en\/\">Institut d&#039;\u00e9tudes avanc\u00e9es sur le d\u00e9veloppement durable<\/a>\u00a0(IASS),<\/p>","protected":false},"author":252,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[236],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quarterly-newsletters-insights"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>2015 is &quot;International Year of Soils&quot;.... really?? - Bonnefield<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bonnefield.com\/fr\/news\/2015-is-international-year-of-soils-really\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"2015 is &quot;International Year of Soils&quot;.... really?? - Bonnefield\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Believe it or not 2015 has been named\u00a0&#8220;International Year of Soils&#8221;\u00a0by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (&#8220;UNFAO&#8221;).\u00a0 Surely the UN must have something better to do? 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